{"id":4522,"date":"2022-09-13T08:36:33","date_gmt":"2022-09-13T06:36:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/?p=4522"},"modified":"2022-09-13T09:37:27","modified_gmt":"2022-09-13T07:37:27","slug":"bogazkoy-hattusada-3500-yillik-gizem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/2022\/09\/13\/bogazkoy-hattusada-3500-yillik-gizem\/","title":{"rendered":"Bo\u011fazk\u00f6y\/Hattu\u015fa\u00b4da 3500 y\u0131ll\u0131k gizem"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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T\u00fcrkiye’nin ba\u015fkenti Ankara’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 km do\u011fusunda, Bo\u011fazkale \u0130l\u00e7esin (eski ad\u0131yla Bo\u011fazk\u00f6y) yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fkenti Hattu\u015fa (UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Alan\u0131 ve UNESCO D\u00fcnya Belle\u011fi) yer almaktad\u0131r. M\u00d6 2. Biny\u0131lda Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Bat\u0131 Asya’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne h\u00e2kim olmu\u015f ve M\u0131s\u0131r, Babil ile Asur’un en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc rakiplerden biri olmu\u015ftur. 116 y\u0131ldan beri s\u00fcregelen Hattu\u015fa arkeolojik kaz\u0131lar\u0131, T.C. K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n izniyle \u0130stanbul’daki Alman Arkeoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’nden Prof. Dr. Andreas Schachner ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda disiplinleraras\u0131 \u00e7ok uluslu bir bilim ekibi ile, bu y\u0131l da Haziran ay\u0131ndan beri devam etmektedir. Ola\u011fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma program\u0131n\u0131n odak noktas\u0131n\u0131 kaz\u0131lar, buluntular\u0131n belgelenmesi ve restorasyonlar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Ancak Hattu\u015fa’n\u0131n zaman zaman beklenmedik s\u00fcrprizleri de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Yerkap\u0131\u00b4n\u0131n g\u00fcneyden genel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc. Foto\u011fraf: A. Schachner, Bogazk\u00f6y Kaz\u0131 Ar\u015fivi, DAI<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Orta Anadolu’da A\u011fustos ba\u015f\u0131nda ya\u011fmurlu bir g\u00fcn ne kadar ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131ysa kaz\u0131 ekibi \u00fcyesi ve Mardin Artuklu \u00dcniversitesi Arkeoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi Do\u00e7. Dr. B\u00fclent Gen\u00e7’in Yukar\u0131 \u015eehir’de uzun bir s\u00fcredir bilinen bir an\u0131t olan Yerkap\u0131’da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015fif de o kadar beklenmedikti. Yapay olarak y\u0131\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f piramit benzeri yap\u0131, 40 metreye varan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ve neredeyse 250 metre uzunlu\u011fuyla \u015fehrin en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131nda, adeta \u015fehrin tac\u0131 olarak yer almaktad\u0131r. Yerkap\u0131\u00b4n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde, yapay tepenin \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en \u015fehir surunda 4 sfenksle s\u00fcslenmi\u015f bir yaya kap\u0131s\u0131 bulunurken, potern ad\u0131 verilen bir yeralt\u0131 t\u00fcneli tam olarak bu kap\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mektedir. Uzaktan g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen ve Hitit\u00e7e ad\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz bilmedi\u011fimiz bu \u00f6zenli yap\u0131 savunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla kentin kuzeyinde yer alan tap\u0131naklarla ili\u015fkili k\u00fclt t\u00f6renlerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Ancak \u015fehirdeki di\u011fer t\u00fcm an\u0131t ve binalar\u0131n aksine, Yerkap\u0131 her zaman g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ve t\u00fcnele en az\u0131ndan k\u0131smen eri\u015filip girilebiliyordu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar \u015fehrin de en \u00f6nemli turistik ziyaret\u00e7i noktalar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Yerkap\u0131 poterni. Foto: B. Gen\u00e7, Bogazk\u00f6y Kaz\u0131 Ar\u015fivi, DAI<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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B\u00fclent Gen\u00e7, \u0131\u015f\u0131ks\u0131z t\u00fcneldeki duvarlar\u0131n kabaca i\u015flenmi\u015f ta\u015flar\u0131 \u00fczerinde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 kahverengi k\u00f6k boyayla boyanm\u0131\u015f i\u015faretler fark etti. Halen devam etmekte olan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131zda, Yerkap\u0131 poterninde yer alan ta\u015f bloklar \u00fczerinde Anadolu Hiyeroglifi (resimsel i\u015faretler) ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en az 249 farkl\u0131 bloklar \u00fczerinde i\u015faret izlerini ke\u015ffettik. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 okunamayacak kadar a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olsa da, \u00e7o\u011fu iyi korunmu\u015f ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a okunabilir durumdad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Anadolu Hieroglif gruplar\u0131ndan biri. Foto: B. Gen\u00e7, Bogazk\u00f6y Kaz\u0131 Ar\u015fivi, DAI<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hitit \u0130mparatorluk d\u00f6neminde, Anadolu Hiyeroglifleri d\u00fczenli olarak kaya an\u0131tlar\u0131nda veya m\u00fch\u00fcrlerde kaz\u0131nm\u0131\u015f veya kabartma olarak bulunur. Yerkap\u0131’da ke\u015ffedilen i\u015faretler ise ta\u015f bloklar\u0131n \u00fczerine boya ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eimdiye kadar boyal\u0131 yaz\u0131tlar sadece Kayal\u0131p\u0131nar (Sivas) ve Suratkaya’dan (Mu\u011fla) biliniyordu. Ancak, oralarda bulunan i\u015faretlerin say\u0131s\u0131 son derece azd\u0131r. Yerkap\u0131’daki buluntular sayesinde, Anadolu Hiyeroglif yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n M\u00d6 2. biny\u0131l toplumunda daha \u00f6nce varsay\u0131landan \u00e7ok daha yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu giderek daha a\u00e7\u0131k hale gelmektedir. Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen Yerkap\u0131 buluntular\u0131, Ge\u00e7 Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 \u00e7ok daha iyi anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan tamamen farkl\u0131 ve beklenmedik bulgular i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Yerkap\u0131\u00b4deki Anadolu Hieroglif\u00b4lerden bir \u00f6rnek (muhtemmelen Kurunta (= bir tanr\u0131 ismi) anlam\u0131na gelir). Foto: B. Gen\u00e7, Bogazk\u00f6y Kaz\u0131 Ar\u015fivi, DAI<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Yerkap\u0131\u00b4da bir ba\u015fka Anadolu Hieroglif grubun \u00f6rne\u011fi (= Da\u011f ve yol anlam\u0131na gelen). Foto: B. Gen\u00e7, Bogazk\u00f6y Kaz\u0131 Ar\u015fivi, DAI<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bu e\u015fsiz ke\u015ffi belgelemek amac\u0131yla, hiyeroglifler t\u00fcm yap\u0131yla birlikte dijital olarak kaydediliyor ve Federico II \u00dcniversitesi’nden – DiSTAR (Napoli, L. Repola ve ekibi) meslekta\u015flarla i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu olarak modelleniyor. Ekibimizin filologlar\u0131n\u0131n (M. Alparslan ve M. Marazzi) ilk de\u011ferlendirmelere g\u00f6re, Yerkap\u0131\u2019daki poternde defalarca tekrarlanan en az sekiz farkl\u0131 i\u015faret grubu vard\u0131r; \u00f6rne\u011fin i\u015faret gruplar\u0131ndan biri \u015fu ana kadar 38 kez tespit edilebilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece belli ki uzun anlat\u0131ml\u0131 bir yaz\u0131t de\u011fil, daha ziyade grafiti anlam\u0131nda k\u0131sa notlard\u0131r. Kesin bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmak i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz erken olsa da ki\u015fi ya da tanr\u0131 adlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra belki de Hitit d\u00f6nemindeki yeralt\u0131 ge\u00e7idin ad\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fini varsay\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bo\u011fazk\u00f6y\/Hattu\u015fa’daki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, Alman Arkeoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (DAI), Alman Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Vakf\u0131, Thyssen Vakf\u0131, GRH Vakf\u0131 ve \u0130talyan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen genel projenin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. DAI, \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi ve Federico II ve Suor Orsola Benicasa \u00dcniversitelerinden (her ikisi de Napoli’de) meslekta\u015flar dok\u00fcmantasyon ve de\u011ferlendirme \u00fczerinde birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Metin: Andreas Schachner,\u00a0<\/em>Kaz\u0131 B<\/em>a\u015fkan\u0131 Bogazk\u00f6y <\/em>Kaz\u0131s\u0131\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrkiye’nin ba\u015fkenti Ankara’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 km do\u011fusunda, Bo\u011fazkale \u0130l\u00e7esin (eski ad\u0131yla Bo\u011fazk\u00f6y) yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ba\u015fkenti Hattu\u015fa (UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Alan\u0131 ve UNESCO D\u00fcnya Belle\u011fi) yer almaktad\u0131r. M\u00d6 2. Biny\u0131lda Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Bat\u0131 Asya’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne h\u00e2kim olmu\u015f ve M\u0131s\u0131r, Babil ile Asur’un en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc rakiplerden biri olmu\u015ftur. 116 y\u0131ldan beri s\u00fcregelen Hattu\u015fa arkeolojik […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":102,"featured_media":4483,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4522"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/102"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4522"}],"version-history":[{"count":52,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4693,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4522\/revisions\/4693"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/daistanbul_blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}