{"id":7472,"date":"2023-08-16T14:13:35","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T12:13:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/?p=7472"},"modified":"2023-08-16T14:53:31","modified_gmt":"2023-08-16T12:53:31","slug":"rapport_2023_10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/fr\/rapport_2023_10\/","title":{"rendered":"Recherches dans les tourbi\u00e8res du bassin du Congo"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Recherches dans les tourbi\u00e8res du bassin du Congo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Le Bassin du Congo abrite le plus grand complexe de tourbi\u00e8res tropicales au monde, avec une superficie de 167 600 km\u00b2, soit 36 % de la superficie mondiale de tourbi\u00e8res tropicales. Elle pi\u00e8ge plus de 1 712 \u00b1 634 tonnes de carbone par hectare, soit neuf fois plus que le carbone moyen s\u00e9questr\u00e9 dans la biomasse a\u00e9rienne des <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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arbres vivants des for\u00eats tropicales humides africaines. Des \u00e9tudes scientifiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 entreprises par plusieurs groupes de recherche internationaux sur les tourbi\u00e8res du Bassin du Congo en raison de l’importance de ces \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes. Ces chercheurs ont \u00e9tudi\u00e9 l’histoire de cette immense tourbi\u00e8re. Leurs r\u00e9sultats montrent que ce gigantesque r\u00e9servoir de carbone ne l’a pas toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 et que cela pourrait changer \u00e0 l’avenir sous l’effet du changement climatique et de pressions anthropiques. Mais il reste beaucoup d’incertitudes dans la compr\u00e9hension des processus qui d\u00e9terminent la formation et le d\u00e9veloppement des tourbes dans le Bassin du Congo, notamment en termes d\u2019hydrologie, de s\u00e9dimentologie, de g\u00e9ochimie, de pal\u00e9o\u00e9cologie et des influences humaines.<\/p>

Dans le cadre du projet SPP „Arch\u00e9ologie et pal\u00e9o\u00e9cologie du bassin int\u00e9rieur du Congo<\/a>„, une s\u00e9quence s\u00e9dimentaire d’environ 2 m de profondeur a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9lev\u00e9e dans une tourbi\u00e8re pr\u00e8s de Bolondo (province de Tshuapa, R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo) dans le but de reconstituer l’histoire de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation sur le site, de comprendre la dynamique du carbone associ\u00e9 et d’\u00e9valuer sa vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 au changement climatique et aux activit\u00e9s humaines. Des datations au carbone 14 ont permis d\u2019estimer l\u2019\u00e2ge de la tourbe. Plusieurs indicateurs g\u00e9ochimiques issus des coop\u00e9rations avec CEREGE (Aix-en-Provence) et MARUM (Bremen) ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9s entre autres le niveau de sa d\u00e9composition, et l’analyse isotopique des cires v\u00e9g\u00e9tales a permis d’obtenir des informations sur la composition de la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation et l’histoire des pr\u00e9cipitations. Les grains des pollens analys\u00e9s dans chaque strate ont permis la cr\u00e9ation des images de l\u2019ancienne v\u00e9g\u00e9tation depuis la formation de la tourbi\u00e8re.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Paysage fluvial de la rivi\u00e8re Tshuapa pr\u00e8s de Bolondo (Copyright & Attribution: H.-P. Wotzka)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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R\u00e9gion de Tshuape (entour\u00e9e en bleu) et domaines de recherche du projet SPP.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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(Copyright: M. Schmeling<\/a>, licensed under CC BY 4.0<\/a> international, waterbodies \u00a9 OpenStreetMap<\/a> contributers, modification by J. Sigl)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n \n \n \n \n\n \n Normal\n 0\n \n \n 21\n \n \n false\n false\n false\n \n DE\n X-NONE\n AR-SA\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n \/* Style Definitions *\/\n table.MsoNormalTable\n\t{mso-style-name:“Normale Tabelle“;\n\tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;\n\tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0;\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\n\tmso-style-priority:99;\n\tmso-style-parent:““;\n\tmso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\n\tmso-para-margin-top:0cm;\n\tmso-para-margin-right:0cm;\n\tmso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;\n\tmso-para-margin-left:0cm;\n\tline-height:107%;\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\n\tfont-size:11.0pt;\n\tfont-family:“Calibri“,sans-serif;\n\tmso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;\n\tmso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;\n\tmso-bidi-font-family:Arial;\n\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;\n\tmso-fareast-language:EN-US;}\n\n\n\n

Les\nr\u00e9sultats obtenus sur la s\u00e9quence de Bolondo r\u00e9v\u00e8lent un pass\u00e9 marqu\u00e9 par des\n\u00e9v\u00e9nements climatiques qui ont affect\u00e9 le stockage du carbone et les\nchangements des v\u00e9g\u00e9tations au cours des 2500 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. <\/span>Ces r\u00e9sultats font l\u2019objet d\u2019un article scientifique\nen pr\u00e9paration.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le bassin du Congo abrite le plus grand complexe de tourbi\u00e8res tropicales du monde. Dans le cadre du SPP, une s\u00e9quence s\u00e9dimentaire d’environ 2 m de profondeur a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9lev\u00e9e, puis \u00e9tudi\u00e9e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":7455,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[739,781],"tags":[748,754],"class_list":["post-7472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-allgemein-fr","category-p10_congobasin_fr","tag-congo","tag-tourbieres"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7472"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7472"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7472\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7479,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7472\/revisions\/7479"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7472"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7472"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/entangled-africa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}