{"id":3751,"date":"2017-01-05T16:12:41","date_gmt":"2017-01-05T15:12:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tepetelegrams.wordpress.com\/?p=3751"},"modified":"2023-02-06T10:28:02","modified_gmt":"2023-02-06T09:28:02","slug":"enclosure-a-a-short-overview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/2017\/01\/05\/enclosure-a-a-short-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"Enclosure A, a short overview"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">During the <a href=\"\/\/dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/2016\/06\/02\/gobekli-tepe-the-first-20-years-of-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first field season<\/a> at G\u00f6bekli Tepe in 1995 one of the landowners had started to clear his field in the southeastern depression of stones that hindered ploughing. He dug out the heads of two large T-shaped pillars and had already started to smash one pillar with a sledgehammer. Fortunately he could be persuaded to stop, and in the 1996 work started in this area. What came to light here was the first of the monumental buildings of G\u00f6bekli Tepe&#8217;s older layer (<a href=\"\/\/dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/2016\/06\/22\/how-old-ist-it-dating-gobekli-tepe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Layer III<\/a>), later called Enclosure A.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_886\" style=\"width: 4553px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-886\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-886\" src=\"\/\/dainst.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/anlage-a.jpg\" alt=\"Anlage A\" width=\"4543\" height=\"6822\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-886\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Enclosure A in 1997 (Photo: M. Morsch, copyright DAI).<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">The ground plan of Enclosure A appears more rectangular than round. First <a href=\"\/\/dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/2016\/06\/22\/how-old-ist-it-dating-gobekli-tepe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">radiocarbon data<\/a> suggest that it may be a little younger than other Enclosures, C and D, and maybe the rectangular shape already could indicate the transition to the later, rectangular, Layer II building type. The existence of different outer walls may as well hint at a longer building history and possible alteration over toime. However, Enclosure A is still not entirely excavated, so any description must remain preliminary as of yet.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 33%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-3751 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/oliver-dietrich\/gobekli-tepe_fig-4\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2016\/03\/gc3b6bekli-tepe_fig-4-800x600.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-77\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-77'>\n\t\t\t\tPillar 1 in Enclosure A shows a net-like pattern formed of snakes and a ram (Photo: C. Gerber, coopyright DAI).\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/oliver-dietrich\/gobekli-tepe_fig-5\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2016\/03\/gc3b6bekli-tepe_fig-5-800x600.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-78\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-78'>\n\t\t\t\tPillar 2 in Enclosure A with a vertical sequence of three motifs: bull, fox and crane (Photo: C. Gerber, copyright DAI).\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl>\n\t\t\t<br style='clear: both' \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Pillars 1 and 2, the central pillars of Enclosure A, were excavated down to the level of the stone bench leaning against the inner walls of the building. Both pillars are richly adorned with reliefs. Particularly striking is a net-like pattern, possibly of snakes, on the south-western side of Pillar 1. The front side of this pillar carries a central groove running vertically from below the head to its base, covering about one third of its width. This groove and the raised bands to either side are decorated with five snakes in bas-relief. Maybe this is a depiction of a stola-like garment which is similarly known from other pillars as well. Pillar 2 carries on its right side a vertical sequence of three motifs: bull, fox, and crane. Its narrower back side is adorned with a bucranium between the vertical bands of another stola-like garment. Insights and experience gained in the last years, particularly with regard to typical motif-arrangement, suggests that Pillar 2 was not found in its original position, but was at some time moved to this, secondary, location. In the course of this action, the original back side of the pillar became its front and vice versa.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3817\" style=\"width: 2308px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3817\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3817\" src=\"\/\/dainst.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/grafik11.jpg\" alt=\"grafik1\" width=\"2298\" height=\"1257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/01\/grafik11.jpg 2298w, https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/01\/grafik11-800x438.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/01\/grafik11-768x420.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/01\/grafik11-1536x840.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/01\/grafik11-2048x1120.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/01\/grafik11-676x370.jpg 676w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2298px) 100vw, 2298px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3817\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">G\u00f6bekli Tepe, detail of the main excavation area with Enclosure A (Plan: K. Schmidt, copyright DAI).<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Currently, the number of pillars surrounding the two central figures in Enclosure A lies at four, though it is expected that this number will rise once excavations are continued in this area. Pillar 5 shows a snake again, Pillars 3 and 4 are without reliefs. Pillar 17 was heavily destroyed already in prehistory, and is without reliefs so far, too. As with all the buildings of G\u00f6bekli Tepe&#8217;s older layer, <a href=\"\/\/dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/2016\/08\/16\/emblematic-signs-on-the-iconography-of-animals-at-gobekli-tepe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one animal species seems to dominate<\/a> the imagery of Enclosure A. In this case, it is the <a href=\"\/\/dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/2016\/04\/23\/why-did-it-have-to-be-snakes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">snake<\/a> which appears noteworthy often.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Further Reading<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Klaus Schmidt, The Urfa-Project 1996, Neo-Lithics. A Newsletter of Southwest Asian Lithics Research 2\/96,2\u20133.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Klaus Schmidt, G\u00f6bekli Tepe, Southeastern Turkey. A Preliminary Report on the 1995-1999 Excavations, Pal\u00e9orient 26\/1, 2001, 45-54.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During the first field season at G\u00f6bekli Tepe in 1995 one of the landowners had started to clear his field in the southeastern depression of stones that hindered ploughing. He dug out the heads of two large T-shaped pillars and had already started to smash one pillar with a sledgehammer. Fortunately he could be persuaded [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2408,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[2290,147476,158359,588658,668],"class_list":["post-3751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-architecture","tag-enclosures","tag-excavation","tag-neolithic","tag-research","post-preview"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3751"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7245,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751\/revisions\/7245"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/the-tepe-telegrams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}