{"id":1908,"date":"2023-03-01T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-01T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/?p=1908"},"modified":"2023-03-01T18:44:14","modified_gmt":"2023-03-01T17:44:14","slug":"kucuk-asyadaki-en-buyuk-tiyatro-yeniden-kesfedildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/kucuk-asyadaki-en-buyuk-tiyatro-yeniden-kesfedildi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya’daki En B\u00fcy\u00fck Tiyatro Yeniden Ke\u015ffedildi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Thekla Schulz-Brize, \u0130hsan Yenero\u011flu, L\u00e9a Geisler<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

Pergamon a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kentte yer alan Tiyatro, Amfitiyatro ve Stadyum ile birlikte, Roma \u0130mparatorluk D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde Musalla Mezarl\u0131k tepesinin \u00e7evresine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yap\u0131 grubunun par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r (Res. 1). 19. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait seyahatnamelerde yap\u0131ya ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lardan bahsedilirken, ilk bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmemi\u015fti. Musalla Mezarl\u0131k platosunda Pergamon Kaz\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Erich Boehringer ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 kaz\u0131larda Tiyatro’nun da baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ne var ki, bu \u00f6nemli binan\u0131n mimarisine ili\u015fkin genel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma h\u00e2l\u00e2 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Nihayet, TransPergMicro<\/a> projesin bir alt projesi olarak, ilk sistematik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar T\u00fcrk ve Alman \u00fcyelerden olu\u015fan ekip\u00e7e 2020 ve 2021 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fru ve detayl\u0131 bir belgeleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131y\u0131 saran bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (Res. 2-3) ve devam\u0131nda foto\u011fraflama ve Structure from Motion (SfM) y\u00f6ntemi ile \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu belgeleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir (Res. 4). Olu\u015fturulan model ve yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler, alanda yap\u0131lacak olan 1\/20 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli el \u00e7izimlerinin altl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur (Res. 5).<\/p>\n\n\n

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Fig. 1 Havadan Musalla Mezarl\u0131k<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Fig. 2-3 Tiyatro\u2019daki bitki temizli\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Fig. 4 (sol) Viran Kap\u0131\u2019ya ait 3B modelden ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc
Fig. 5 (sa\u011f) Alanda mimari belgeleme<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n

Bu saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 halihaz\u0131rda, Camillo Dimai taraf\u0131ndan Berlin Teknik \u00dcniversitesi b\u00fcnyesindeki Tarihi Yap\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve An\u0131t Koruma B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/a>\u2019nde bir y\u00fcksek lisans tezi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131ya ait yan duvarlar (analemma<\/em>) ve kuzeyde bulunan radyal duvarlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00fcneydeki kemerli kap\u0131 (Viran Kap\u0131) incelenmi\u015ftir (Res. 6-7). Bu incelemelerin sonucunda yap\u0131ya ait in\u015faat evreleri hakk\u0131nda yeni bilgilere ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak i\u00e7 koilon<\/em> yamaca entegre olacak \u015fekilde in\u015fa edilerek sahne binas\u0131 (scaenae frons<\/em>) i\u00e7in teraslama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Viran Kap\u0131 ile k\u0131smen korunmu\u015f olan \u00e7evredeki alt yap\u0131ya ait radyal duvarlar ise daha sonraki bir in\u015faat a\u015famas\u0131nda Tiyatro’yu b\u00fcy\u00fctmek i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn uzaktan g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen ve hala ayakta dimdik duran Viran Kap\u0131, koilona ait y\u00fckselen tonozun alt\u0131ndan bir be\u015fik tonoz arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Kutsal Yol\u2019un (Via Tecta<\/em>) \u00e7apraz \u015fekilde ge\u00e7i\u015fini sa\u011flamas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir m\u00fchendislik \u015faheseridir (Res. 8-9).<\/p>\n

Bunlara ek olarak, yap\u0131ya ait olu\u015fturulan yeni plan\u0131n Pergamon Dijital Haritas\u0131<\/a>\u2019na entegre edilerek yak\u0131n zamanda 1.2 versiyonunda yay\u0131nlanacak olmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilerleme olusturmaktad\u0131r. \u015eimdiye kadarki dijital Musalla Mezarl\u0131k haritas\u0131, Erich Boehringer ve Wolfgang M\u00fcller-Wiener taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan, daha az ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131ya sahip haritalara dayan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Fig. 6 (sol) Musalla Mezarl\u0131k Tepesi ve \u00e7evresi, Pergamon Dijital Harita
Fig. 7 (sa\u011f) Tiyatro hava foto\u011fraf\u0131<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Fig. 8-9 Viran Kap\u0131<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n

Bu yap\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimdiye kadar hafife al\u0131nan \u00f6nemi, di\u011fer antik tiyatro yap\u0131lar\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha da netle\u015fiyor. Tiyatro 154,32 m olan \u00e7ap\u0131 ile K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya’daki en b\u00fcy\u00fck antik tiyatroydu: Smyrna (150 m), Ephesus (140 m), Miletus (125 m), Side (119 m), Aizanoi (103 m) ve Aspendos (95 m). B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck ve temsili tasar\u0131m, Efes, Smyrna ve Pergamon \u015fehirleri aras\u0131ndaki rekabetin b\u00fcy\u00fck ve an\u0131tsal binalar\u0131n\u0131n mimarisinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pergamon a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kentte yer alan Tiyatro\u2019ya ait bu ve di\u011fer detayl\u0131 yap\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 gelecek Istanbuler Mitteilungen<\/a> Band 72\u2019de yay\u0131nlanacakt\u0131r: T. Schulz-Brize, L. Geisler, \u0130. Yenero\u011flu, C. Dimai, Das Theater in der r\u00f6mischen Unterstadt von Pergamon \u2013 Ergebnisse der Bauuntersuchung<\/em>, (IstMitt 72, 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n

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Bonus: 3D model of Viran Kap\u0131: https:\/\/youtu.be\/OZG6oG3an6o<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pergamon a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kentte yer alan Tiyatro, Roma \u0130mparatorluk D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde in\u015fa edilmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yap\u0131 grubunun par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda k\u0131smen kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n yap\u0131n\u0131n mimarisine ili\u015fkin kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmemi\u015fti. Yak\u0131n bir zaman \u00f6nce, T\u00fcrk ve Alman \u00fcyelerden olu\u015fan ekip\u00e7e y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen sistematik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucunda, Tiyatro\u2019nun in\u015faat a\u015famalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin yeni bilgiler de elde edilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ayr\u0131ca, Tiyatro\u2019nun K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Asya’daki en b\u00fcy\u00fck antik tiyatro oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Bu durum Efes, Smyrna ve Bergama \u015fehirleri aras\u0131ndaki rekabetin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131ya ait olu\u015fturulan yeni plan, 1.2 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcnde yay\u0131nlanacak olan Pergamon Dijital Haritas\u0131\u2019na entegre edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":1877,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,19,1],"tags":[43,42,40,25,44,39],"class_list":["post-1908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaologie-eng","category-bauforschung-eng","category-projekt-eng","tag-ancient-theater","tag-building-archaeology","tag-dfg","tag-pergamon","tag-transpergmicro","tag-transpergmikro"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1908"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/72"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1908"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1916,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1908\/revisions\/1916"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/transpergmikro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}