{"id":2431,"date":"2021-01-05T11:41:28","date_gmt":"2021-01-05T11:41:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/visual-narratives\/?page_id=2431"},"modified":"2025-01-31T10:39:47","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T10:39:47","slug":"syria-1999-palmyra","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.dainst.blog\/visual-narratives\/int\/syria-1999-palmyra\/","title":{"rendered":"Syria 1999 – Palmyra"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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<\/span><\/h1> \t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\tPALMYRA | \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria - Palmyra- The city wall and grave from the north\/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03816<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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When I saw that set of photos, <\/strong>my imagination was flying with every picture to the places on those pictures, and in my memory, the stories related to those places appeared, all of what I had experienced, and all the people of Palmyra were brought back to my memory.<\/p>

For instance, the pictures of the Arab castle reminded me of my evening sport activities, which my comrades and I used to do. We were running up to the roof of the castle, so that we could enjoy how the buildings changed from yellow to pink during sunset, a scenery that steals your heart away.<\/p>

The pictures of the destroyed houses adjacent to the northern city wall reminded me of the football matches we played every week. Most of the children of Palmyra took part, especially in the spring, when the earth was covered with green grass with a fragrant smell, which almost did not leave our noses.<\/p>

The photos of the oasis always evoke in me the image of tired parents returning from their farms on their donkey carts, carrying with them clusters of dates, some of which were distributed to people passing by.<\/p>

by Hasan – archaeologist \/ 07-04-2020<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/strong> \u062d\u0633\u0646<\/strong> – <\/strong>\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\/ <\/strong>\u0660\u0667<\/strong> – <\/strong>\u0660\u0664<\/strong> – <\/strong>\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 The oasis \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03735<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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THE NATURE OF LIFE IN PALMYRA<\/strong><\/p>

Water and the oasis were the focal points of our lives in Palmyra. It is a remote city in the desert and its nearest neighbour-town (as-Sukhna) is 70 km away. The oasis is located to the south and east of the town of Palmyra.<\/p>

Our work in Palmyra was seasonal depending on what could be done in the desert climate. Most of us worked in agriculture, building houses, construction works and excavation with foreign and Syrian archaeological missions that worked in Palmyra for a long time. When the city started attracting many tourists, people worked in hotels and organized touristic tours on camels\u2019 back at the archaeological site. The spring of Afqaa was a Sulphur spring and was sacred to the ancient and modern Palmyrenes. The spring\u2019s name was Aramaic and it was the reason for the existence of Palmyra. The spring originated from a deep cave from Mount Al-Mantar west of the Palmyra oasis; the inhabitants of the valley led the water in channels to water trees and plantations in the oasis. The people of Palmyra visited the cave for swimming and enjoying the warm environment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639
\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Column \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03723<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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SPRING OF WATER<\/strong><\/p>

The spring dried out in the 1990s because of excavations and explosions to construct the Meridian Hotel (Palmyra East) adjacent to the cave that led to the cracking of the upstream rock. As a young man, I used to work cleaning the main water source in the cave, extracting the stones and sediments with baskets and ropes to facilitate the flow of the spring. Later we were told that this removal or cleaning should not include removing the calcareous layer plastered on the stone, because this layer was designed to prevent the water from leaking into the rocks. In the course of the spring, there were three baths. Closest to the source was the men’s bath, which consisted mainly of archaeological remains, including steps and ruins along the stream of water, and it was open. It was followed by the women’s bath – two newly built rooms above the waterway. Followed by the wool bath, which was a square pool with each side not exceeding 8 meters, set up to wash wool. We used the perforated baskets made of palm fronds to wash the wool; washing meant to drop the basket in the water and remove it a number of times. We then hit the wool with a piece of wood (Mekhbata) until it was agreed that the wool was clean. Washing wool was a family work involving women, children and men.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/strong>
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Baal Temple \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03725<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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LIFE IS PAST<\/strong><\/p>

West of the city of Palmyra, there is a site called Abu al-Fawares, where the Palmyrenes established their farms. These farms were watered by wells dug in the area. We determined the location of a well in a way that depended on a branch of a pomegranate tree. We would cut off a green branch and put it in our two hands near our chest and leave the other side free and walk quietly until the free tip started to shake. The vibration of the branch was evidence for the presence of water under it and the intensity of the vibration was proportional to the amount of water and its proximity to the surface. The well was drilled around where the person holding the branch stood. This type of well is called jib in Arabic. It is a well dug by hand without plaster, and its sides are not paved with stones because the ground is rocky.<\/p>

My grandfather and the rest of the people of Palmyra lived inside the walls of the Temple of Bell or in its immediate surroundings. Their house was located west of the temple, near a mosque named Al-Fadl. The houses were built with soil extracted on site, and wood was used for the roofs in combination with palm leaves, which were attached in the form of a mat and connected with strings and then covered with a layer of mud. The inhabitants remained in the temple until the French authorities issued a decision in 1928 of deporting the people living in the Temple area to new Tadmur, which at that time was called az-Zahira.<\/p>

My grandfather moved with his family to a house in new Tadmur in the early 1930s. Most of the houses in the Temple of Bell were demolished. The French authorities gave each family a 1,000-square-meter plot of land as compensation, and four plots were grouped together in a square surrounded by streets.<\/p>

After a number of those squares runs the main street. The French planners chose a chess-like grid system for Tadmur az-Zahira and we were impressed by this plan, which began to change after the departure of the French from Syria.<\/p>

Tadmur az-Zahira is located on the shallow plain of Abu al-Fawares. In the Roman period, a water channel was drawn from Abu al-Fawares but disrupted in later periods The people of Palmyra used the water of the Abu al-Fawares spring to irrigate the nearby orchards before a drastic drop in the water level in later decades. The Abu al-Fawares archaeological channel led water from the spring to the ancient city; the transfer of water was carried out in pottery pipes mounted on the pillars of the Straight Street. The channel ended in the Nymphaeum\/ Mermaids temple in front of the Arc de Triomphe. I saw the remains of these pipes near the columns. The archaeological site was very close to the hearts of the Palmyrenes even if they did not realize its historic and archaeological significance. We were missing the time when we lived in the temple of Bell. Most if not all the people of Palmyra prefer to stroll near the archaeological ruins between the theatre, the Arc de Triomphe, and the rest of the monuments. We would love to look at the remains of our ancestral civilization and love to sit in the shadows created by these buildings and monuments.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b<\/strong>
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\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Western cemetery \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03821<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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PALMYRA AND THE JINN<\/strong><\/p>

Most of us have stories with the jinn, perhaps because we lived close to these archaeological sites, and most of us thought that the souls of those who lived there were still present. I saw a jinni once when I was young. After I had finished my work in the orchard, I went to wash myself with water of Afqaa spring, and I saw a black woman, who was very chubby, sitting on one of the pillars and nursing her baby. Her hair was fluffy. I was very scared and started to run to our house. When I told my grandfather, he told me that he was glad she did not hurt me; she is a well-known jinni, whose name was Umm Oweid. My grandfather was appointed as a guard of Madfan Al-Arous (the bride tomb, Elahbel tomb) by the Directorate of Antiquities. During his work in the tomb, he heard the sounds of celebrations and songs coming from the vault, which did not bother him until \u2018they\u2019 started to throw small stones at him. He then wanted to see what was happening inside, and saw a jinni staring at him on the stairs in the shape of a cow. He ran home in panic, leaving the tomb he was guarding unattended, and retired from doing this work altogether.<\/p>

by Faisal – worker \/ 25-06-2019<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644<\/strong> \u2013<\/strong> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong> \/ <\/strong>\u0662\u0665<\/strong>\u00a0 – <\/strong>\u0660\u0666<\/strong>\u00a0 – <\/strong>\u0662\u0660\u0661\u0669<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 sunset \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03823<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Vertical way \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03721<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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MY LIFE PLAN<\/strong><\/p>

Palmyra was the most influential and important turning point in my life. In the summer of 1999, after high school exams had ended, I was nominated to participate in a youth camp in Palmyra. It was the first time that I left Aleppo. On our way to the campsite, the golden sunlight struck the sand, reflecting an indescribable light, as if the columns and ancient buildings derived their colour from that light over time. It was the first time that I met young men and women from outside Aleppo, who were from all the Syrian governorates, different dialects, professions, ethnicities and religions. In short, all of Syria was in that camp. Our group was supposed to help excavating \u2018the bride of the desert\u2019. In the morning, we went to work, which was to participate in excavations with the joint Syrian-Japanese mission. Mr. Khaled Al-Assad was the director of the Syrian site. During the work, we found heads of statues. I think on the first day the discoveries comprised more than ten heads of statues, some had writings on them. I felt happiness whenever we found a statue. Professor Khaled Al-Asaad came to read and immediately translate some of the writings for us. Then we returned to work. During the breaks, questions were asked to Professor Khaled by the students about Palmyra and its history and Syria in general. I was most curious, memorized what he was saying and returned the next day asking new questions. After a week, he invited me on a tour through Palmyra after work, taking me to the Arc de Triomphe. As we sat on the capitals of some of the scattered columns, the conversation that changed my life took place. Before Palmyra, I was planning to study law at the University of Aleppo. After this conversation, everything changed. He explained to me the story of his love for Palmyra and his attachment to it. Then he asked me, \u201cWhat do you intend to study?\u201d, so I told him \u201cthe rights\u201d. \u201cJamil\u201d, he said to me, \u201cbut there are thousands of jurists in Syria!\u201d And he continued: \u201cI noticed your interest in antiquities and your ability to quickly memorise information.\u201d Then he added, \u201cThere is a Department of Archaeology at the University of Damascus that recently opened, which is a rare specialization in Syria and I think you will have a good opportunity there.\u201d Then he stood up without hearing my answer – as if he did not want me to answer this question immediately. He continued to tell me about the Arc de Triomphe, the gallows, the tower burials, the caravans, Zanobia, and the burial rites. Every day I went to wander between Palmyra\u2019s ruins, contemplating the \u201csplendour of the daughter\u201d, and when I was tired, I lay in the shadow of pillars. Everything was making me dream, remembering what Khaled had told me about Palmyra. The month ended and the thirty days had been the most beautiful days of my life. The camp ended and the bus came to take us to Homs. I could not hold myself and tears poured against my will … I left Palmyra in tears and sad, it seemed as though I was lovesick …, yes, I fell in love with Palmyra and its sands.<\/p>

I returned to Aleppo and the moment I arrived I told my father that I had changed my mind and that I would study in the Department of Archaeology at the University of Damascus. My father rejected the idea completely, but that did not prevent me from insisting on what I wanted. I asked for the support of my mother and my uncle. Indeed, after a week of daily discussion, my father surrendered to what I wanted, and he said \u201cTo me, as long as this is what you want, so be it, but in the first year, if you do not achieve excellent results, I will be disappointed.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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MAKING THE DREAM COME TRUE<\/strong><\/p>

Indeed, I went to Damascus, where I studied in the Department of Archaeology and received the Al-Bassel Award for Academic Excellence.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 I then received a scholarship from the government to complete a master\u2019s degree in France. When I returned in 2009, I worked in the General Directorate of Antiquities and Museums and chose the Department of Excavation and Scientific Research. I was a lecturer in the Department of Archaeology at the University of Aleppo. Then I got a scholarship to complete a PhD from France in 2011, but that year the Syrian revolution started. I changed my mind and formed a volunteer team to protect the Euphrates region from the effects of the war. We made great efforts to document violations against cultural heritage in the region. When I heard about what had been destroyed due to clashes between the regime and the ISIS, I cried and I felt deep pain, anger, and sadness, a feeling mixed with helplessness and subjugation. I expected to return to Palmyra crying due to the heat of my longing for its columns and walls. I never expected that I would cry because of the destruction its buildings, and the martyrdom of its knight, Mr. Khaled Al-Asaad, may God have mercy on him. The tyrants went and Palmyra continued to radiate the colour of its stones: a (de)light to the world.<\/p>

by Adnan – archaeologist \/ 07-05-2020<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/p>

\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a<\/p>

\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0669 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<\/p>

\u062d\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0661 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0623\u064a\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/p>

\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/p>

\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634\u060c \u0628\u0643\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0645\u064d \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064d \u0648\u063a\u0636\u0628\u064d \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064c \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637\u064c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/p>

\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0646<\/p>

\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>

\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/strong> \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong> – <\/strong>\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\/ <\/strong>\u0660\u0667<\/strong> – <\/strong>\u0660\u0665<\/strong>\u00a0 – <\/strong>\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Tower cemetery \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03737<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Greek inscription and novel \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03813<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Baal Temple \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03814<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Sagittarius Gate \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-00388<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 The theater \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03810<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Columns \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03722<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Tower cemetery \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03736<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Presidential election\/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03731<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Presidential election\/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03730<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 Baal Temple \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-00384<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Syria \u2013 Palmyra\u2013 God's Temple \/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03818<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBack to the Visual Narratives<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"German\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PALMYRA | \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 Syria – Palmyra- The city wall and grave from the north\/ 1999 \/ D-DAI-IST-FP-03816 When I saw that set of photos, my imagination was flying with every picture to the places on those pictures, and in my memory, the stories related to those places appeared, all of what I had experienced, and … <\/p>\n

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